Healthcare Experiences, Perspectives, and Recommendations From Sex Trafficking Victims and Survivors: A Scoping Review

Author: Reitz, Isabella; Takalkar, Rujuta; Huang, Cathleen; Pappu, Ananya & Kling, Juliana

Abstract: To synthesize healthcare experiences of victims of sex trafficking, identify common challenges, and inform improvements for healthcare. Using Arksey and O′Malley’s framework and the PRISMA-ScR checklist, we reviewed CINAHL, Embase, and PubMed databases for studies published between 2010 and 2024 involving interviews with trafficked individuals and were categorized for thematic synthesis. Of 155 articles, 16 met inclusion criteria, and involved 669 people who had experienced trafficking. Participants across studies identified reasons for and barriers to seeking healthcare, and their perceptions and recommendations about clinicians’ attitudes, law enforcement, and recognizing trafficking. Participants emphasized the need for better clinician training, stronger policies, greater patient autonomy, and a more supportive clinical environment. Gaps persist in healthcare for trafficked individuals. Collaboration among healthcare workers, especially forensic nurses, is essential, along with enhancing trauma-informed interventions and closing gaps in quality care.

Keywords: human sex trafficking, trauma-informed care, interviews, qualitative, forensic nurse, healthcare delivery